The pair of Hamilton canonical variables formed by the height of the free surface and the velocity potential on free surface was used to express the density of kinetic energy of riding waves, and was expanded to the first order on the free surface of the unperturbed waves. 采用自由面高度和自由面上速度势构成的Hamilton正则变量表示骑行波的动能密度,并在未受扰动波的自由面上作一阶展开。
In the canonical ensemble, the free energy of the spin system is continuous all the time, but its first-order derivative, namely the entropy, has a discontinuous point in the effective temperature area; 在正则系综描述下,自旋系统的自由能始终连续,而自由能的一级偏导数(即熵)在有效温度区域内始终存在一个不连续点,因此,谣言系统内存在一级相变;
Applying the stepwise sampling method proposed by the authors to the NPT canonical ensemble, an efficient approach for the estimation of the excess Gibbs free energy of fluid mixtures is presented. 应用作者提出的逐级取样方法于NPT正则系综,提出了有效求取流体混合物超额Gibbs自由能的模拟方法。
Based on the principle of the statistical method, the canonical partition functions of polycondensation of Aa type are constructed from two different viewpoints, and the explicit expressions of the equilibrium free energy is obtained as well as the law of mass action. 本章主要应用统计力学基本原理,从两种不同的角度获得了Aa型缩聚反应体系的正则配分函数,并得到了该体系的平衡自由能和质量作用定律。